Patent Trolls An Essay - 2569 Words

Patent Trolls A Hindrance to the Economy and to Computer Science By Shawn Karber PHIL 343 Final Paper 05/02/2015 Patent trolls, often referred to as Patent Holding Companies (PHC) in the media, are a defamation to the ideals that the United States patent office were meant to promote, that is protection for the innovators and inventors of America. Wikipedia defines patent trolls as â€Å"a person or company who enforces patent rights against accused infringers in an attempt to collect licensing fees, but does not manufacture products or supply services based upon the patents in question†¦Ã¢â‚¬ .1 (Patent troll.) Not only do they undermine the ability of small companies or individuals to experience success and profitability through invention, they also hamper the progress of society, especially in fields of technology. PHCs are a devastating problem in the United States, not only in terms of their impact on global markets and progression, but also in terms of how many PHCs there are and how big they can become. To understand the breadth of the problem, it is important to understand how prevalent patent trolls have become. According to an article in the Washington Post, patent trolls now account for 67 percent of all new patent lawsuits. Just five years ago, the article says the number of PHC-filed suits was 28 percent less.2 (Patent Trolls Now Account for 67 Percent of All New Patent Lawsuits.) With an average increase of 5.6 percent a year, it is evident that patent trolls areShow MoreRelatedPatent Trolls Essay630 Words   |  3 PagesPatent Trolls Patent Trolls as defined by Investopedia is a term used to describe companies or people that misuse patents as a business strategy. These patents are bought by Non-Practicing Entity’s (NPE) who buy these patents from bankrupt companies and auctions and have no intentions of developing it. Their business strategy is to do some research and file lawsuits against infringing companies. These Patent trollers cost the US Company billions of dollars each year. They disruptRead MoreIntellectual Property ( Ip ) Is Everywhere1550 Words   |  7 Pageseverywhere. IP is inventions. IP is literary and artistic works. IP is designs or symbols. IP is names and images used in commerce. Almost everything is IP. These things can be protected by patent, copyright, service mark, or trademark. These topics are very complicated; the consolidated version of US patent laws and rules is over 200 pages long. While there are many good things about IP protection, there are also many unnecessary problems with it that should be changed. Some of these problems includeRead MoreEssay on The Mobile Phone Market 3108 Words   |  13 Pagesparts that differentiates them as an individual organisation. The essay addresses the logic behind the focus on intellectual property and evaluates how this now impacts on industry and the firms involved within it. The essay will focus on the mobile phone market with many companies having leading brands in the market. This industry is interesting to evaluate as it is very fast paced with many well-known companies engaging in patent wars. Recently competition within the market has got so fierce that

Physical Child Development Essay - 1583 Words

Child Development Babies grow and develop at a very rapid rate during the first year of life. They grow physically, mentally, emotionally, and socially. In this paper I will discuss the physical growth and development patterns of an infant all the way through adulthood. Development is the babys increased skill in using various body parts. When dealing with a development of a child there are three basic development rules. First development rule: This rule says that babies develop in the head region first, then the trunk, and lastly in the legs and feet. For example, a baby can hold up their head before they can grasp an object with their hand. Also they can feed themselves before they can walk. Second development rule: The second†¦show more content†¦They fear strange people and places. They remember events, expresses affection, shows emotion, uses trial and error to solve a problem. Babies that arent so healthy do not develop as fast or as much as normal babies. For example, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is a problem that is increasing all across America. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is the effect of pregnant women drinking alcohol. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) is the leading cause of retardation. It affects more than 8,000 babies in the U.S.A. every year. FAS is 100% preventable; however, because of their mothers decision to drink alcohol during pregnancy, none of the thousands of affected babies had the chance to be born normal. FAS birth effects include facial abnormalities, growth deficiency, or brain damage. FAS children need guidance because they are easily distracted and forgetful. FAS does not go away because brain damage and birth defects are permanent. Mental retardations permanent and irreversible, behavioral problems are permanent. All of these problems associated with FAS and drug abuse are permanent. Moving on past the infant stage and into the adolescence and puberty stages, this is where children start becoming young adults and many new developments begin to occur. This is also a time when youth start wanting their independe nce and begin to challenge societal values in the form of rebellion, act, and dress radically and form groups. These actions against the structureShow MoreRelatedPhysical development of a child759 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿According to John Santrock, Development can be defines as a pattern of change that begins at conception and continues throughout the human s life, while the Oxford school dictionary defines Physical as having to do with the body rather than the mind. This article I examined written by Alex Brooks with further clarification from John Santrock, Brooks believe that person s view of physical development is more than just hitting the right percentiles on a height chart. He believes that withRead MorePhysical Environment. Inside The Child Development And2058 Words   |  9 PagesPhysical Environment Inside the Child Development and Family Studies Center it is very well organize and very busy throughout the day. The purpose of the Child Development and Family Studies Center is to provide health care for the children and provide an education for the children while their parents are working during the day. Some parents may even place their children in a childcare center just to get more help with their child. The Child Development and Family Studies Center have many rulesRead MoreSocial And Physical Developments : The Developmental Rules Of Child Development953 Words   |  4 PagesChildren’s development, growth and learning is a continous process from birth through to adulthood. There are three fundamental rules of human development that apply to everyone from birth. 1. Development starts form the head and works down the body. 2. It happens in the same order, but can occur at different rates. 3. All areas of development are linked together. Although children develop differently, the stages of development they go through are generally the same. It means that theyRead MorePhysical And Social Environments Of A Child s Development1475 Words   |  6 Pagesmy first physical activity. I have seen myself progressively grow. I can remember my first incident feeling guilty, and the time I decided to accept Jesus Christ as my savior. These moments have defined me into the man I am today and have allowed me to grow as a person everyday. Before you even realize your life is influenced by many factors that you have no control over. As one begins their life they are shaped my nature and nurture. These two words mean so much in a child’s development. NatureRead MoreMy Virtual Child Program : Physical, Social, Emotional, And Cognitive Development1528 Words   |  7 PagesMy Virtual Child program basically covers physical, social, emotional, and cognitive development at several age levels. Various personalized questions were asked and given scenarios that would shape my child’s physical development, cognitive development, and affect his personality. My Virtual Child has a unique set of characteristics at birth, some of which were influenced by how I answered and completed the assessment when I first logged into My Virtual Child. These characteristics gradually emergedRead MoreSupport The Positive Parenting Of A Child s Physical, Cognitive And Social Emotional Learning Development2812 Words   |  12 Page sinclude a strength based approach to support the positive parenting in respect of a child s physical, cognitive and social emotional learning development. The first two years of any child s life are the most critical and important when it comes to their personal development when growing up. They are essential to the cognitive, physical, social and emotional development. Many theorists have suggested that is a child is brought up where their developmental needs are not being met from either circumstancesRead MorePhysical Development And Child Development929 Words   |  4 PagesPhysical development may be the first thing that parents noticed when their child starts to develop, because it is the more physical and bigger movements for a child and baby to make. Physical development itself is ‘comprising changes in body size (growth) and proportions, the order and acquisition of motor skills, and perceptual and motor capacities’ (Doherty and Hughes, 2009, p.8). This is wh y parents see physical development first, it is not just the movements that the children achieve it is alsoRead MoreThe Effects Of Physical Development On Child Development1380 Words   |  6 Pageschildrenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬TMs development from birth to 19 years old they will be following the sequence of development which will be in the same ways for each child as they have to learn one skill before they can learn the next one but each child will progress at a different rate of development. Each children with develop with in four areas which are Physical development, language development, social and emotional development and then intellectual development. Physical development The physical development is the oneRead MorePhysical Education and Child Development1492 Words   |  6 PagesPhysical Education 1 How Physical Education is a part of Child Development Marcus Hightower Eng 122 Angela Oleson February 5, 2010 Physical Education 2 In current and past child development education, I want to deal with Physical Education as one of the areas I would like to discuss as well as use my degree in. Physical Education deal in the area of developing children physical, health, and future makeup. These things will be discussed within the textRead MoreDevelopment Of A Child s Cognitive And Physical Development811 Words   |  4 PagesHuman development involves a series of complex stages which bring about pivotal changes in a child’s cognitive and physical development. Ozretich and Bowman suggest other periods of rapid growth through middle childhood and adolescence such as moral development, self-concept, psychological and emotional traits, relationships to adults including parents, and peer relationships (2008). Undoubtedly, these dramatic psychosocial changes, when integrated with other biological fluctuations, impact children

Response to the Time Machine-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.Choose ONE of the following extracts from HG Wells, The Time Machine, and provide a close reading of the extract in which you describe the important literary features (character, figurative language, mood, narration, setting, and so on) it uses. 2.Compare some elements of your chosen extract with ONE other significant passage in The Time Machine. Based on this comparison, explain how the novel presents a particular attitude towards one of the principal themes outlined in the lecture on The Time Machine. Answers: 1.The given extract has been taken from The Time Machine, a science fiction novel by the eminent writer H. G. Wells. The novelist had penned down the famous novel in the form of a frame narrative. The term time-machine had been coined by the eminent writer and is a well-known word in the modern day world. The protagonist of the story is an English gentlemanly inventor and scientist who has been acknowledged by the narrator as the Time Traveler. The story revolves round the lectures provided by the Time Traveler towards this guests for dinner. In the extract in discussion, the Time Traveler is seen to return to his seat on the hill and look down upon the inhabitants of the land that he has been visiting. The reader is presented with the setting of a beautiful morning wherein the protagonist has been sitting and looking down upon the inhabitants of the future world. He is able to see that same landscape that he had observed on the day of his arrival to the place (Wells 54). He feels that the inhabitants of the place can be compared to the cattle that grazes on the fields. He opines that they will meet a similar end like that of the cattle. H. G. Wells attempts a political commentary of the late Victorian England. The vision provided in this section refers to a vision of the troubled future. The eminent writer had satirized the decadence of the Victorian era through the Eloi, the inhabitants of the land whom he had been silently watching from afar. Wells, through his novel, puts forth a warning towards the then society to me nd its ways so that it does not face an end similar to that of the Eloi. The eminent novelist puts forth a criticism from the Marxist point of view towards the capitalism that exists within the society through his description of the Morlocks. The novel deals majorly with the science fiction that surrounds the issue of time travel. H. G. Wells is known to have put forward a stronger sense of scientific speculation to the literary genre of science fiction. The protagonist of the novel is often observed to opine largely on the strange trends of evolution and astronomy that he has been observing in his travels through the fourth dimension, commonly known as time. The major underlying theme of the novel is the implied critique of the Industrial Revolution society that the attempts to undertake. The protagonist draws a parallel between the Laborer and the Capitalist parties of the then English society and the ugly Under-world species and the beautiful Over-world species of the future humanity. The given extract hints at the fact that the Over-world species are generally dominated by the Under-world creatures. The extract represents a reflective mood of the protagonist as he overlooks the happy scenario that had been playing out within the vision of the protagonist. The storyline, as mentioned in the discussed extract, is set in the future where to the protagonist has been travelling with the help of a machine that he is using for the purpose of travel to the future. Thus, it might be concluded that the extracted article displays quite an array of the literary features that have been put to use in a very apt manner by the novelist 2.The novelist uses a minimal number of characters, as is depicted in another passage from the novel, to present a scene in the house of the protagonist wherein a dinner has been organized by the protagonist himself in order to share and reflect on his experiences that he had gathered while he has been travelling through the dimension of time with the help of the machine that he has built. The narrator presents to his readers a situation wherein the Time Traveler has left a note on the dinner table saying that he might be late to the dinner that he had organized. The narrator describes the entry of the protagonist in the scenario in a vivid manner. The use of the language is very fluid and thus helps in the painting of a very clear picture of the situation that the narrator describes. The disbelief regarding the credibility and the proper functioning of the time machine that has been built by the protagonist is quite evident among the invitees at the dinner table. The protagonist had been away from the dining area while the guests had been engaged in conversation amongst themselves. The inquisitiveness displayed by the guests is accompanied by a slight measure of their disbelief as they come up with a number of different situations that may have been the cause behind the physical condition of the protagonist when he entered the dining room where his guests were eagerly waiting for his return from his time travelling (Wells 11). There has been noticed some significant areas of comparison and contrast that might be thrown light upon in the two different extracts from the novel. The extract of the novel that has been discussed in the above section is found to be in the tenth chapter of the novel while the extract being compared and contrasted with it is to be found within the second chapter of the novel. The extract from the tenth chapter of the novel depicts a reflective tone wherein the Time Traveler, or the protagonist, is seen to be sitting down on a rusty yellow bench in an open area of the future world and reflecting on the issues that need to be attended to by the residents of the then world so as to avoid the situations that may arise in the future. The tone of the extract from the second chapter of the novel is light and friendly. In the extract from the second chapter, the painted picture reveals a gathering of people who share a friendly relationship amongst them. The guests of the dinner organized by the Time Traveler and are seen to be inquisitive of the experiences gathered by the protagonist. Thus, it might be concluded that the novel presents the critique of the then society post the industrial revolution. The writer attempts to present the readers with some of the situations that may arise in the future of the world if the conditions put forth in novel are not paid proper attention Reference Wells, Herbert George.The time machine. Oxford University Press, (2017): 3-63.

Tenets of Islam an Example of the Topic History Essays by

Tenets of Islam, how Muslim built an empire and the Muslim invasion Every member of a religion has its own duties, responsibilities and obligations. The Islam religion also has its own duties that each Muslim must carry out. This is called the tenets of Islam. The tenets of Islam are Al- Shahadah(testimony), Al- Salah(prayer), Al- Siyam(fasting), Al- Zakat(almsgiving), and Al Hajj(the pilgrimage). Muslims were able to build an empire, weaken and finally conquer the Byzantine Empire after the massive and numerous invasions they had. They penetrated Europe in many ways such as, in armies, as traders and as explorers. These Muslims were followers of the new religion that started in the seventh century among Arabs of the Arabian Peninsula. They were armies of the new faith and were able to build an empire that stretched from Spain to India with the teachings of their remarkable leader as an inspiration. Need essay sample on "Tenets of Islam, how Muslim built an empire and the Muslim invasion" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Muslims are the followers of the Islam faith. The Muslim invasion brought about Orientalism, a delineation of Eastern cultures in Western Europe. Art, literature and culture prospered as the Islam faith grew and was established in Europe. Islam also conveyed Greek, Sanskrit and Chinese for the many years they conquered Europe. Muslims gained the knowledge of making paper from Chinese which enabled them to develop, put into writing the history, make volumes of books and build libraries. Many things are also attributed to Muslim such as, diplomacy, free trade, and open borders, various types of medicine, arithmetic, algebra, trigonometry and even logarithms. Muslim inventors were also responsible for the advancement of first surgical tools, test tubes and compass. Muslims indeed helped and contributed in the development of Western Europe. They brought many ideas, imparted knowledge and shared their skills in various things. In art, literature, medicine and mathematics, it was evident t hat Muslims had their share in its growth and progress. European Renaissance grew and expanded together with the beginning of the Islamic civilization as the Islam spread and developed in Europe. References Perry, M. (1989). A History of the World. (Revised Ed., pp.201-208) SAMIRAD.Five Tenets of Islam. The WISDOM fund. (1995). Islams Contribution To Europes Renaissance.

Worldview of William Shakespeare Essay Example

Worldview of William Shakespeare Essay Example Worldview of William Shakespeare Essay Worldview of William Shakespeare Essay William Shakespeare was alive during a time that much differed from today. Back then, people were ranked in society by their gender, race or status. Today everyone is equal no matter what religion, gender, etc. We are all equal because we are all human beings. Even though Shakespeare was living during a different time, he still had a similar worldview that many of us share today. While reading Shakespeare’s plays, I at first found it difficult to figure out what his worldview was. I could not determine whether he was, in fact, Anti-Semitic although it was obvious that the majority of people were. However, many of the females he wrote about were extremely strong characters, especially for that time period. This brought me to the conclusion that he believed that men and women should have been equal. His worldview was that gender should not determine status, intelligence or anything else. For example, in his play, the Merchant of Venice, Portia was really strong and out-smarted many of the male characters. She dressed up in disguise and tricked a whole courtroom; Shakespeare wrote the play so that Portia was the one who then made the final decision. I agree with William’s worldview that women are able to be just as strong as men. I think that both men and women are capable of achieving the same amount of success in anything they do. In Shakespeare’s time, women were not allowed to act on stage so men played the female parts in his plays. My drama teacher in high school said that Shakespeare would have had women actresses in his plays if it were allowed. I admire William Shakespeare for so many reasons and this is only one of them. I was surprised when I found out that this was how he viewed the world.

Colored Smoke Recipes - Easy Formulations

Colored Smoke Recipes - Easy Formulations One way to make smoke is to craft a smoke bomb, but you can make a smoke powder, too. Here are some formulations for colored smokes. The parts or percents are by weight. Basically what you do is measure the ingredients, sift them together to mix them, and ignite the powder to produce smoke. Up to 2% sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) may be added to slow the combustion/cool the reaction, if necessary. White Smoke Recipe Potassium nitrate - 4 partsCharcoal - 5 partsSulfur - 10 partsWood dust - 3 parts Red Smoke Recipe Potassium chlorate - 15%para-nitroaniline red - 65%Lactose - 20% Green Smoke Recipe Synthetic indigo - 26%Auramine (yellow) - 15%Potassium chlorate - 35%Lactose - 26% Reference: The formulations for colored smoke bombs came from Wouters Practical Pyrotechnics, who cited the recipes as originating from L.P. Edel, Mengen en Roeren, 2nd edition (1936). Wouters website is very helpful. Though I didnt see recipes for other colors of smoke, he has an extensive list of formulas for colored fireworks, which you may be able to adapt to make colored smoke. More Dyes and Colors If you can order chemicals, here are some of the dyes used to produce more colors: Red: Disperse Red 9 (older formulation)Solvent Red 1 with Disperse Red 11Solvent Red 27 (C.I. 26125)Solvent Red 24 Orange: Solvent Yellow 14 (C.I. 12055) Yellow: Vat Yellow 4 with benzanthrone (older formulation)Solvent Yellow 33Solvent Yellow 16 (C.I. 12700)Solvent Yellow 56Oil Yellow R Green: Vat Yellow 4 with benzanthrone and Solvent Green 3 (older formulation)Solvent Yellow 33 and Solvent Green 3Solvent Green 3Oil Green BG Blue: Solvent Blue 35 (C.I. 26125)Solvent Blue 36Solvent Blue 5 Violet: Disperse Red 9 with 1,4-diamino-2,3-dihydroanthraquinoneSolvent Violet 13 Use care if you try these additional dyes. If you know of a reliable reference for additional colored smoke formulations, please feel free to contact me. Colored Smoke Safety Information Read and follow the safety information for all the chemicals that you use. Use colored smoke outdoors only, in a well-ventilated area. Disclaimer: Please be advised that the content provided by our website is for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY. Fireworks and the chemicals contained within them are dangerous and should always be handled with care and used with common sense. By using this website you acknowledge that ThoughtCo., its parent About, Inc. (a/k/a Dotdash), and IAC/InterActive Corp. shall have no liability for any damages, injuries, or other legal matters caused by your use of fireworks or the knowledge or application of the information on this website. The providers of this content specifically do not condone using fireworks for disruptive, unsafe, illegal, or destructive purposes. You are responsible for following all applicable laws before using or applying the information provided on this website.

Dancing on the Edge of a Volcano (Title), From hiring to harassment, Article

Dancing on the Edge of a Volcano (Title), From hiring to harassment, social media can explode on employers (subtitle) - Article Example However, the data received during this kind of search might lead to a biased opinion about the candidate, and it might be better in the long run not to have all the information available, as many of that kind of data should be irrelevant for the decision making. However, if the employer sees the need to conduct social media research during the hiring process, some guidelines should be put in place. These are important to ensure maximum benefit for business. It is recommended for the research to be carried out by the HR specialists rather than any other manager or supervisor. Also, to ensure unbiased decision about a candidate it is best to have a media check after the initial interview with the individual. If social media check is conducted during the hiring process, then the same process should be applied to all the candidates, to ensure they are in equal position. And finally, if the decision about rejecting a candidate was made based on the findings of the research, the specific r eason for denial should be documented to avoid misunderstanding. Harassment. There should be policies in place that prohibit any form of harassment in the workplace. Usually, those include many possible form of harassment, excluding issues concerning social networks. It is obvious that if the employee engages in social media activity on the behalf of the employer then all the policies should apply. Issues arise on the level of personal social networking during off-work hours. There might be some posts reported to an employer or to the co-worker who might be targeted in it, therefore working relations might suffer. It seems that in this case the employer should intervene for the sake of common good; however, employee’s off-duty activity might be protected by several legal sources, such as the Constitution, work unions, stated off-duty conduct protecting statutes. Therefore, the employer should warn the employee that if personal

Gun Control Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Gun Control - Research Paper Example Thus, gun control remains an emotive aspect, as on the one hand, there is need for overall citizen safety and welfare; this at the same time providing for the freedom to bear arms as enshrined in the 2nd Amendment (Trotter). As Susan Dudley rightly views, â€Å"The right of the people to keep and bear arms in defense of themselves and of the lawful authority of the state shall not be infringed, except that the manner of bearing arms may be regulated by law.?† (39) This not only being her perspective, but an ideal that is off uttermost importance to true patriots of America. This rights traces its roots to the nation’s founding, when European colonialists settling in the Newfoundland, brought guns for protection and as a means of food provision; protection against the native populations, while food came from hunted game. With the conquest and huge tracks of land in their belonging, the settlers soon discovered the value of having armed men as protection of their new colo nies; this against hostile native Indians among other enemies. Hence, the passing of the Massachusetts Bay laws; this requiring all able-bodied men to bear arm through their joining of state militia, with other settlements following suit. (Gold 33). The American defence against King George’s (3rd ) well armed and disciplined British soldiers, proved too tough even for the aforementioned militia; this necessitating Congress’ establishment of the Continental army. Being led by George Washington, the gun provisions at first proved inadequate, but with the invention of the Colt revolver, being cheaper and firing six times in rapid succession, was to change the above scenario and hence America’s history. By utility of state-of-the-art machinery, in addition to assembly/ industrial production, America soon led the global arena in firearm production. The colt’s greatness can only be best espoused through a popular Western gun lovers’ saying ‘God cre ated men; Colonel Colt made them equal. (Gold, 34) this said, it is hence vividly clear, as to the great place, guns (firearms) possess in America’s history (Moorhouse 103). Thus, the big question, should America have gun control? This is not an easy question as it pertains to a closely held issue pertinent to its citizen’s wellbeing. As is known, the right to arms is rooted in a need for personal protection (of both life and personal property), and in the armed forces; this as espousing their overall need for establishment, security and maintenance of America’s sovereignty. This is best espoused by Gold (26): â€Å"That the right of the citizens to bear arms, in defence of themselves and the state, shall not be questioned.† Thus, should gun control be enforced? Though as aforementioned, it is the right of American citizens to bear arms, it is also the duty of the Federal government to put in check the availability and possession of firearms. â€Å"That a well regulated militia, composed of the body of the people, trained to arms, is the proper, natural and safe defence of a free State; that standing armies, in time of peace, should be avoided as dangerous to liberty; and that in all cases the military should be under strict subordination to, and governed by, the civil power† (Haerens 27). The above portends to the existent danger

Post-16 option Essay Example for Free

Post-16 option Essay POST 16 – OPTIONS Post 16 options are given to young people and adults after they finish year 11 from school. Each post-16 option offers you different qualification opportunities and a different mix of teaching methods and assessment. Post 16 options comprises on: STUDY FULLL TIME 6th form or college Take up an Apprenticeship, Traineeship or Supported internship Take a part-time education or training course if you are employed or volunteer for more than 20 hours per week STUDY FULL TIME Schools, colleges and training providers offer a range of subjects and courses in which a student can study full-time. It normally requires to have at least five GCSEs at grades A* to C and at least grade B in any specific subjects one chooses. 6TH FORM COLLEGES A sixth form college is an educational institution in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, where students aged 16 to 19 typically study for advanced school-level qualifications, such as A-levels, BTEC and the International Baccalaureate Diploma, or school-level qualifications such as GCSEs. In England and Wales, education is only compulsory until the end of year 11, the school year in which the pupil turns 16 (although this is changing in August 2013 to compulsory education until year 12 and by 2015, education will be compulsory until year 13) In the English and Welsh state educational systems, those wishing to continue may either stay on at a secondary school with an attached sixth form, transfer to a local sixth form college, or go to a more vocational further education college, although, depending on geographical location, there may be little choice as to which of these options can be taken. In the independent sector, sixth forms are an integral part of secondary schools (public s chools), and there is also a number of smaller-scale independent sixth form colleges. Students at Sixth Form College typically study for two years. Some students sit AS examinations at the end of the first year, and A-level examinations at the end of the  second. In addition, in recent years a variety of vocational courses have been added to the curriculum. There are currently over 90 sixth form colleges in operation in England and Wales. Most perform extremely well in national examination league tables. In addition, they offer a broader range of courses at a lower cost per student than most school sixth forms. In a few areas, authorities run sixth form schools which function like sixth form colleges but are completely under the control of the local education authorities. Unlike further education colleges, sixth form colleges rarely accept part-time students or run evening classes[citation needed], although one boarding sixth form college exists. Take up an Traineeship, Apprenticeship or Supported internship Traineeship It makes one get ready for work or for doing an Apprenticeship. They last from six weeks to six months and provide essential work preparation training, literacy and numeracy skills and work experience to get an Apprenticeship or other job. Apprenticeship In an apprentice ship one has to work for an employer and train to do a specific job at the s Apprenticeships at three levels: a, Apprenticeship b, Advanced Apprenticeship c, Higher Apprenticeships Entry requirements for these apprenticeships is one must be 16 or over, living in England and not in full-time education. There are now nearly 200 types of Apprenticeship from engineering to boat building, veterinary nursing to accountancy. Options depend on experience and what is available locally. There is no set time for completing an apprenticeship. Most take between one and four years, depending on the level of learning capabilities. As well as working alongside and learning from experienced staff, there will be off-the-job training, usually on a day-release basis at a local college or specialist training facility. The qualifications will be a study for a work-based qualification at level 2, 3 or 4, a technical certificate relevant to to the subject chosen occupation, such as BTEC or City Guilds award and Functional Skills qualifications. More studies included for certificates or other qualifications that are required in chosen occupation. Assessment includes a mix of observation by an assessor, the assessment of a  portfolio of evidence and examinations. Supported internship Just for students with learning difficulties or learning disabilities who want to get a job and need extra support to do this. They last for at least six months and are unpaid. Work experience and an employer trains students to do a job role. Students also get to study for qualifications or other courses to get ready to take up a job. Work or volunteer while studying or training part-time It is a combined training or studying for a qualification and work at the same time. It doesn’t have to be a paid job, student can volunteer on a project or with a charity, or get a work-experience placement in a career or job area that interests them. Colleges and training providers offer a wide range of training courses which are part-time including A levels and work-related qualifications like BTECs or NVQs. BTEC’s- are usually studied at school or college they are work based qualifications that are a mix between practical and theory and some work experience. NVQ’s- these can be taken either at school/college, through a placement or in the work place.

Shakespeares Othello - The Character of Iago :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

The Character of Iago in Othello  Ã‚      One of the most intriguing characters in the tragic play "Othello," by William Shakespeare, is Othello's "friend" Iago. At first glance, Iago seems to have no motive for the destruction he is causing. However, despite Iago's unquestionable malignancy, the motivation behind his actions lie more in Iago's quest for personal gain, as opposed to just being evil for evil's sake. In order to achieve his personal gain Iago manipulates Rodrigo, Cassio and, most importantly, Othello. Iago's main interest is the destruction of Othello. The reason being that Othello has chosen another man, Cassio, as his second-in-command, preferring him to Iago. This resentment, accompanied by Iago's fabricated accusations of adultery and his blatant racism, cause Iago to despise Othello, and shortly thereafter, begin to conspire against him. Instead of just killing Othello, Iago proceeds to attack him emotionally. Iago begins to manipulate the people around him in order to hurt Othello and make him think that his wife, Desdimona, and Cassio are having an affair. The first to fall victim to Iago's manipulation, is Rodrigo. Iago knows Rodrigo has feelings Desdemona, and would do anything to make her his own. Iago tells Rodrigo that the only way to win Desdemona's love, is to make money to procure gifts for her. "...put money in thy purse.." (Act 1, Scene 3, Line 339). However, Iago is just taking those gifts intended for Desdemona and keeping them for himself, and in doing so, making a substantial profit. "Thus do I ever make my fool my purse" (Act 1, Scene 3, Line 376). Rodrigo eventually starts to question Iago's honesty. When faced with this accusation, Iago simply offers that killing Cassio will aid his cause and the gullible Rodrigo falls for it. "I have no great devotion to the deed and yet he has given me satisfying reason," (Act 5, Scene 1, Line 8). In doing this, Iago keeps Rodrigo in the dark and continues to profit from him monetarily. Cassio, like Rodrigo, follows Iago blindly, thinking the whole time that Iago is trying to aid him , when in-fact, Iago, motivated by his lust for power, is attempting to depose Cassio of his position as lieutenant. Iago does this by getting Cassio drunk and causing him to get in a fight and disturb Othello, Othello then demotes Cassio of his rank as second-in-command thus securing the position for Iago.

Case †HBS: Fiat †Tata Essay

1 What is Fiat’s current situation in India? Fiat is an Italian automobile manufacturer based in Turin.  Fiat India in Indian car market is facing the dilemma of poor sales. It had a very small market share in India comparing to other existing automobile competitors. There was a good and long relationship with Tata Motors in Indian so Fiat and Tata were going to have a joint venture (JV) to manufacture passenger cars, engines and transmissions for the Indian and overseas markets. These two companies began to seek for collaboration in early 2005. From the Exhibit 2: Production by Manufacturer, we can see Fiat in 2006 ranked 11 in worldwide auto industry while Tata stood in 21, which had merely Indian market. For Fiat this brand, it had a high brand awareness in India which is a good sign for them want to expand market there and Fiat also had the best diesel engine for small cars. 2 What is the business opportunity in India? Do you think that Fiat needs a partner? In an attempt to lower costs, most major automotive makers had set up factories in emerging markets such as China, India and South America. Because lower production costs were one incentive, experts also suggested that car makers could gain access to growing and fertile marketplaces that is the background for auto manufacture in India. The liberalization policies in 1991 opened up India to new import and export possibilities. To encourage investments, the government launched series of new policies in 1990s to help growing their economics. For vehicle industry, there was total population of 1.1 billion people in India which is an obvious potential opportunity for auto makers. I think Fiat really needs a partner. The trend at that time was all manufacturers with production greater than one million vehicles were involved in one or more alliances with other producers. Automobile manufacturers formed alliances for a variety of factors with the primary rationale being an attempt to reduce labor, energy, and raw material costs. So combining same value-chain activities to gain efficiencies, merge talents and share risks is a good choice. Observers lauded the tie-in stating that  Fiat had the potential for more sales in the burgeoning Indian market while Tata stood to gain technology and new export markets. 3 Do you think Fiat and Tata make for good partners? Compare the Fiat-GM relationship with the Fiat-Tata relationship. It looks like they make for good partners. They knew each other well before they wanted to committee themselves into joint venture. In 2006, they were both financially sound due to the good co-operation. At that time sourcing of parts usually involved 30 direct suppliers as well as 70 or more indirect suppliers (who served the direct suppliers). Automobile manufacturers usually established long-term relationships with their suppliers and involved suppliers in the development of new models. Fiat and Tata they examined synergies in overseas to give marketing support. With help of Tata, they can improve Fiat’s dealership network and customer service, help to cut manufacturing costs and compete effectively against competitors. For Tata, this alliance with Fiat helped Tata get technologies and new design in future which is a win-win situation. Compared with the Fiat-GM relationship, Fiat and Tata might have better future. After Fiat and GM cooperation, their market share was decreased and had high debts issues. GM themselves were making losses and dissolve the agreement of Group’s auto business. There was no culture collaboration which made it crucial for long term relationship. 4 How would you assess the negotiation process between Fiat and Tata? It was a long way communication before Fiat team came to Tata’s head office and came into negotiation but still better than longer waiting time for visa. I think they made a good conversation and made a lot of efforts like signing MoU to establish joint venture and equity structure. Made agreement to some manufacturing parts like passenger cars, power trains, engines and transmission for India and overseas. They focused on the spirit of relationship and show the prospects for long-term relationship. Most major components were negotiated. However, It was obvious that some culture difference appeared during their negotiation. There are two layers of culture raised by a Fiat executive: first is Italian and Indian culture and the second is the difference in company culture. Even with another Italian company, Fiat can be very different. And some problem appeared like â€Å"It is  always difficult going to the other company’s offices as they still have other work to attend to. So, we might have a meeting scheduled to start at 10am, which then starts at 11am and might end up being regularly interrupted by other issues.† But some complain cannot be very serious in their negotiation.

Case Study Reflections Analysis Education Essay

This paper will research information presented from EDSL 673 and EDSL 671 from the Teaching English as a Second Language ( TESL ) plan. The information presented will research the five top thoughts that have generated to most fascinate over the continuance of these last two classs. Information will be discussed as to the importance of these thoughts and the deductions they will hold on future instruction. This paper will besides research ways that these thoughts can be implemented in current instruction under the preexistent conditions of the teaching assignment. Explanations will besides be presented to show what could potentially be the immediate consequences every bit good as the long-run consequences expected for holding implemented these thoughts within the current instruction assignment. These thoughts are relevant to instructors that will profit from information refering to direction of English Language Learners ( ELL ) or English as a Second Language ( ESL ) pupils. Contemplations There are so many different facets of instruction that are necessary in order for pedagogues to be effectual and to guarantee that all pupils are larning to their fullest potency. This is no exclusion for instructors of ELL or ESL pupils. However, due to the nature of kids and the manner each kid learns, instructors need to cognize the best patterns for direction based on the demands of their pupils. There are several different techniques and methods that may be utilized with ELL and ESL pupils in order for these kids to be successful in their acquisition ; and hence to go successful when working with their equals within the schoolroom. Based purely on the information being presented from the last two classs, there were several different constructs and thoughts that were being introduced. Although many of these impressions are familiar to experient instructors, there are several thoughts that may standout to persons as they may hold higher deductions to their instruction than others. There are five thoughts from these two classs that present the highest deductions, and they are the constructs of Natural Order Hypothesis, Affective Filter Hypothesis, Culturally Responsive Teaching, Schema, and Accessing Prior Knowledge. The construct of Natural Order Hypothesis presents pedagogues with the order that persons get linguistic communication accomplishments. There are predictable phases for primary linguistic communication acquisitions along with predictable phases for the acquisition of secondary linguistic communications. Primary linguistic communication is acquired following these phases: babble ( 6 – 8 months ) , holophrastic ( 1 twelvemonth ) , two-word phrases ( 1 – 2 old ages ) , and multi-word ( 2 – 5 old ages ) . A individual ‘s 2nd linguistic communication is acquired following these phases: soundless receptive or preproduction ( 6 – 8 months ) , early production ( 6 months ) , speech outgrowth phase ( 1 twelvemonth ) , and intermediate linguistic communication proficiency ( 1 twelvemonth ) . Having an apprehension of the Natural Order Hypothesis allows pedagogues to develop an apprehension of where their Ell or ESL pupils may be in respects to their linguistic communication acquisition. Therefore, by understanding this thought, the instructor may develop lessons that are better suited for the pupil. This will besides help the instructor in the creative activity of activities that are completed in the schoolroom so all pupils are able to take part. Teachers that are able to link this construct to their English linguistic communication scholars are besides able to help these pupils when working in little differentiated instructional groups, and hence doing the acquisition much more meaningful for these pupils. Developing an apprehension of Affective Filter Hypothesis will assist pedagogues present themselves along with their schoolroom construction and lesson thoughts in a mode that will set their English linguistic communication scholars at easiness with the information they are showing. This will help these pupils from making a filter that could hinder larning. Students that are in structured environments with instructors that genuinely care about their acquisition keep a low degree of emphasis, and pupils are more likely to be motivated and confident, and hence a batch of linguistic communication acquisition can take topographic point. Teachers that have been able to make an environment that focuses around the Affective Filter Hypothesis are able to help their pupils in higher degrees of linguistic communication acquisition. Students that are so able to bring forth a larger degree of linguistic communication acquisition are so able to stand out at greater rates within the schoolroom. The deductions of Affective Filter Hypothesis in instruction is high in order to guarantee pupils are larning. Helping pupils maintain a low affectional filter is an of import measure in the confidence that pupils are traveling to get the linguistic communication skills they need in order to go successful in the schoolroom. Culturally Responsive Teaching is a teaching method that recognizes the importance of including pupils ‘ cultural mentions in all facets of larning. Culture is the deeper degree of basic premises and beliefs that are shared by members of an organisation, that operate unconsciously and specify in a basic ‘take for granted ‘ manner an organisations position of its ego and its environment. Culture contains both external and internal elements. External elements of civilization contain those such as ; nutrient, festivals, vacations, dances and vesture. Internal elements of civilization are those such as ; values, beliefs and forms of non-verbal communicating. By acknowledging the value of Culturally Responsive Teaching, pedagogues are able to demo pupils that they value their civilization and hence will observe their heritage in the schoolroom. This shows pupils that they are valued as persons and at the same clip could even bring forth a low Affective Filter. Culturally Responsive Teaching is of import in order to demo pupils that as the instructor, you value where they come from, and wish to observe that with the remainder of the category. All pupils should be able to portion with each other their civilization and heritage. This creates a schoolroom of culturally antiphonal pupils and helps the pupils understand that their backgrounds are of import. Teachers that partake in this pedagogical pattern create unfastened and receptive environments where pupils feel welcome when they enter the schoolroom. Last, scheme and accessing anterior cognition are of import factors that can act upon larning within the schoolroom. Schema is the organisational form or construction ; the conceptual model that pupils possess. Teachers that are able to entree a pupil ‘s scheme are more likely to be successful in assisting that pupil develop an apprehension of the constructs that are being taught. Teachers that are able to understand the deductions of scheme are so able to use this cognition into their schoolroom and their lessons. By showing to pupils how different accomplishments build upon one another will help these pupils in doing connexions between one construct and another. Accessing anterior cognition is manner for the pupils to take what they already know, and so use that cognition to the stuff they are presently larning. Teachers that focus on accessing their pupils ‘ anterior cognition are more likely to hold pupils that are able to retain information. Bing able to entree one ‘s anterior cognition is of import when working in the country of bring forthing illations. Bing able to do illations is an highly of import accomplishment when increasing reading comprehension. Bing able to use what one already knows to what the writer is connoting will assist the pupil in holding a greater apprehension of equivocal constructs. Both scheme and accessing anterior cognition are impressions that all instructors should implement in their schoolroom course of study. Constructing a pupil ‘s scheme while at the same clip holding the pupil entree their anterior cognition will further a greater apprehension of the thoughts that are being taught in the schoolroom. During the continuance of these two classs, I was able to develop a greater apprehension of these constructs and recognize how of import they are in being implemented in the schoolroom on a regular footing. Although these constructs are ideals that I presently posses, these classs have presented extra methods for execution in order to better pupil accomplishment. I will go on to implement these thoughts in my schoolroom environment with the end of continued pupil betterment. Currently, I do n't hold pupils in my schoolroom that are coded as being English linguistic communication scholars, and hence do non use the tactics for teaching English linguistic communication scholars in the schoolroom. However, I have had English linguistic communication scholars in old categories, and hence reexamining this information will help me with the continued execution of these techniques. The major benefits of these constructs are that they work with all pupils, and non merely those pupils that are considered to be English linguistic communication scholars. The immediate consequence of implementing these thoughts in the schoolroom would be the hope of increased accomplishment on the behalf of the pupils. The continued reappraisal of these constructs will bring forth a better apprehension of these thoughts, and hence a deeper apprehension of how they may be implemented into the schoolroom construction on a regular and ongoing footing, therefore holding a continued impact on pupil larning. Long-run effects of the execution of these thoughts will be the long-run apprehension of the different impressions covered within the schoolroom. By constructing on the pupils ‘ scheme, therefore increasing the pupils ‘ anterior cognition will take to them holding a greater keeping rate for their future class work.

Jasper Johns essays

Jasper Johns essays Born on May 15, 1930 in Augusta Georgia, Jasper Johns is one of the most renowned American pop artists of his era. He spent much of his early life stationed in Japan with the United States Army. Later, he became a student at the University of South Carolina in Columbia. Johns first major piece was a painting he did in 1954 entitled Flag (Jasper Johns 1). It is simply a reproduction of the American flag on canvas. Much of his early work was of plain, flat symbols. He did so because he found that he did not have to design them...they were things the mind already knows. That gave [him] room to work on other levels (Crichton 1). The painting to be discussed in this paper is one of his simple works as mentioned above. It is entitled Target with Four Faces, and it was completed in 1955. Target with Four Faces is mainly a design piece. It is made up of sharp curves and lines. Most of the lines are thick, others are horizontal as well. The circles of the target in the lower half are practically perfect around. He uses several shapes in his work, including rectangles and squares (in the plaster faces up top) and circles (in the target). The color group used in Target with Four Faces is that of the triadic group, specifically the primary colors. The target and the background are made up of solid reds, yellows, and blues. Various surfaces can be found in Jasper Johns piece. The canvas used gives it somewhat of a rough texture, while the wood towards the top give it a smooth texture. The only objects seen in this work other than the main target are the plaster faces lined up at the top of the canvas. Other than those, there really are no other objects. With the basic facts represented, the next thing to look at is the design of Target with Four Faces. Since it is a simple piece, it has symmetrical balance for the most part. The four faces at the top are symmetrical, a ...

Using the Active Voice to Strengthen Your Writing

Using the Active Voice to Strengthen Your Writing Using the Active Voice to Strengthen Your Writing Using the Active Voice to Strengthen Your Writing By Ali Hale Writing in the active voice means constructing sentences where the subject â€Å"acts†: I threw the ball. You are making too much noise. Ben will eat popcorn and watch a movie tomorrow evening. In each of these sentences, the subject (I, You and Ben respectively) performs the action of the verb (threw, making, will watch). The sentences are punchy, direct and make it clear who’s doing what. Writing in the passive voice means constructing sentences where the subject is â€Å"passive† – acted upon, rather than agents of action. For many forms of writing, this can create an undesired effect: sentences often become confusing or simply dull. The ball was thrown by me. Too much noise is being made by you. Tomorrow evening, popcorn will be eaten and a movie will be watched by Ben. In each of these sentences, the subject (â€Å"the ball†, â€Å"too much noise†, â€Å"popcorn† and â€Å"a movie†) is being acted upon by the verb. With sentences written in this way, we can even eliminate the agent who is performing this action: The ball was thrown. Too much noise is being made. Tomorrow evening, popcorn will be eaten and a movie will be watched. These are all perfectly correct sentences, but the reader has the sense that something is missing. Who threw the ball? Who or what is making too much noise? And surely someones going to watch that movie and eat that popcorn? Why is the Active Voice So Important? If you’ve ever had a go at creative writing, you’ll probably have come across the advice to always write in the active voice. This is a good rule of thumb for most pieces of fiction: sentences in the active voice have energy and directness, both of which will keep your reader turning the pages! Sentences written in the active voice are also less wordy than those in the passive voice – and cutting unnecessary words always improves a piece of writing, whether it’s fiction or non-fiction. Students writing academic essays can sometimes tie themselves in knots trying to make sentences sound â€Å"formal† – which often (mistakenly) is taken to mean putting a sentence in the passive voice. Here’s an example (thanks to the UVic Writers’ Guide): â€Å"The theme that was most dealt with by the 16th Century poets was . . .† This could be rewritten in the active voice as: â€Å"The 16th Century poets most often dealt with the theme of . . .† This sentence is shorter, to the point, and the reader is less likely to switch off half-way through. It is just as â€Å"formal† and academically correct as the first one, but makes for a better piece of writing by being snappier. How to Get Starting Using the Active Voice Take a piece of writing that you’ve produced, and go through working out if each sentence is in the active or the passive voice. One clue to look out for when searching for sentences in the passive voice is the use of â€Å"was†: â€Å"The theme that was most dealt with by the 16th Century poets†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"His death was regretted.† (Though note not all sentences using â€Å"was† are passive: â€Å"I was riding my bike† is active, â€Å"My bike was being ridden by me† is passive.) Another clue is the use of â€Å"by† when referring to who did something: â€Å"The report was written by me.† â€Å"All of the mistakes were made by him.† Once you’ve identified the passive sentences in your work, try rewriting each in the active voice. Do you think it makes a difference? If you’ve changed a lot of the sentences, read the whole piece through from start to finish – has the overall feel or tone changed? Take a word count of the original and the new version: how many words have you been able to cut? If you get stuck, pop into the Daily Writing Tips forums and post the paragraph or sentences that you’re struggling with! Tips and Tricks for Using the Active Voice Use the active voice when you want your writing to be simple, direct, clear and easy to read. If you’re not very confident about your writing, using the active voice can be an easy way to improve a dull or lifeless piece of prose. However, don’t make the mistake of thinking that you always need to use the active voice. Sometimes, it’s perfectly appropriate to phrase a sentence in the passive voice: just be aware that you’re doing this, and make sure you know why. For example, using the passive voice can be an excellent way to avoid assigning responsibility for a job or problem. Sometimes this can be a useful and tactful way to phrase things in business writing: â€Å"Mistakes were made.† â€Å"The files will be sent as soon as possible.† â€Å"All our records have been lost.† In Elements of Style bartleby.com/141/strunk5.html, Strunk gives the rule â€Å"Use the active voice† but admits that: This rule does not, of course, mean that the writer should entirely discard the passive voice, which is frequently convenient and sometimes necessary. The dramatists of the Restoration are little esteemed to-day. Modern readers have little esteem for the dramatists of the Restoration. The first would be the right form in a paragraph on the dramatists of the Restoration; the second, in a paragraph on the tastes of modern readers. The need of making a particular word the subject of the sentence will often, as in these examples, determine which voice is to be used. At school and university, many people are taught not to use â€Å"I† in scientific or academic writing. (Modern stylistic advice does not generally prohibit using â€Å"I† in this way, but it’s a good idea to check your institution’s guidelines.) Using the passive voice does allow you to avoid the agent performing the action, for example: â€Å"I performed an experiment to test the rate of the reaction.† (active) can be rewritten as: â€Å"An experiment was performed to test the rate of the reaction.† (passive). In general, though, make sure the majority of your sentences are in the active voice: your writing will be livelier and more engaging, encouraging your readers to keep going. Further Reading on the Active Voice Strunk’s Elements of Style Wikipedia article on the Active Voice Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Writing Basics category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:100 Exquisite Adjectives41 Words That Are Better Than GoodTypes of Plots

Core nursing competencies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Core nursing competencies - Essay Example In fact research done in the California State, revealed that BSN nurses had a mean income of $75,000 while ADN nurses scored a mean of $70,000.In addition, the interview showed that ADN programs were favored because, they are less expensive and the student took less time to complete the course. On the other hand those who advocated for the BSN program did so stating that one had higher chance of progressing in the nursing career and also that their chances of entering into a more advanced nursing program were higher ( Masters, 2009). Majority of those interviewed in the class of Graduate (MSN, DNP, PH.D) were comfortable with their working category and conditions. They stated that they were valued just like many doctors are and that they are in most cases incorporated in many major decision making situations. They generally felt that they were on top of their career hence the satisfaction ( Masters, 2009). In conclusion, there are many challenges that a nurse faces in their career and many emerge from discrimination due to their education level. This has made the nursing profession to be undermined yet it carries the most important weight in the health care sector. Therefore these debates need to be addressed so that there can be a clear guideline that all nurses will follow so that they can attain

How is the dimension of color treated in the cartoon 'Spongebob Coursework

How is the dimension of color treated in the cartoon 'Spongebob Squarepants' (i.e. Is it realistic, or surreal) - Coursework Example The main character of the story, Sponebod Squarepants is given a mix of bright and dull yellow color. When individually assessing the color scheme of the main character, primarily a realistic approach can be observed. The color yellow goes along with the concept of a typical realistic kitchen sponge. Adding to it, the character has been given a dull pattern on the sides of its body. This connects the character to the factual state of a kitchen sponge, which is rubbed and squeezed turning it dull and pale. Though in this aspect there is a realistic approach in the treatment of color, while considering the cumulative visual impact of this character along with other animate and inanimate characters, the approach can be observed to be surreal. Contrasting combinations of colors are quite frequently used all through the cartoon series. The color schemes used in the cartoon are quite uncommon in real life scenario. However, the cartoon being inspired by the underwater world, this surreal approach helps the viewers connect to their own imaginations of a world they have not

Parental Substance Misuse the effects on Children Essay

Parental Substance Misuse the effects on Children - Essay Example Pregnancy and parenthood are important events to all people. They can serve as the spur for substance abusers to seek treatment, to continue treatment, and/or to seek assistance for their children. Parenthood may present a major opportunity for assisting clients in their treatment and assessing the needs of their children. This review has been prepared with the intention of encouraging efforts to respond to this opportunity in the United Kingdom. The proportion of women in drug abuse treatment programs or in need of drug abuse treatment has been increasing. During 2004, 30% of all admissions to drug treatment were female. (Rosenbaum, 2005) Much less is known and documented about the risks of child maltreatment associated with parental cocaine use. This is true despite the prevalence of cocaine use and evidence that cocaine dependency can substantially incapacitate the user (Robins, 2000). A May 2000 United Kingdom study yielded an â€Å"extremely conservative† estimate that some 2.2 million English are â€Å"hard core† cocaine addicts. Such users are reportedly over represented among the homeless and persons arrested for crimes. (Saunders, 2002) According to a study ‘The addicts who break into our homes, turn our neighbourhoods into war zones, and spread disease by selling their bodies are not casual, once-a-month users of illicit drugs-they are UK’s hard core addicts. The children of the hard core addict suffer even more severely, often from physical abuse, and always from neglect’. (Babbie, 2001) Generational continuity in the use of alcohol and drugs is documented in a number of recent studies (Coombs & Dickson, 2001). Adolescents are more likely to drink and use other drugs if their parents do. For example, Kandel and associates (2002) found that 82% of drinking families rise youth who also drink, while 72% of abstaining families produce

The Hurt Locker Analysis Film Studies Essay

The Hurt Locker Analysis Film Studies Essay The Hurt Locker is a movie written by Mark Boal and directed by Kathryn Bigelow. It displays combat at its best in Iraq. The movie reflects on the celebrated life of a soldier and is entitled, war is a drug. The soldier vividly displays war as a drug that needs to be taken by all soldiers at all times of their lives for their survival. The writer depicts this through the display of the paralyzing life of a soldier in war. She emphasizes this through the main character whose daring nature puts him at loggerheads with his colleagues (Eldridge and Sanborn) (Olsen, 2008).This paper analyze critically, the Hurt Locker with a specific focus on conflicts, symbols as well as irony presented in the movie. Various conflicts are displayed in the movie, first, when James is hired to replace the previous team leader, Sergeant Thompson. With his experience in war, he conflicts with the rest of the soldiers owing to his aggressive nature and failure to follow protocol. The soldiers find James ways reckless and disturbing but his spontaneity is seen to assist them soldier on to the end. Further James conflicts with Sanborn while trying to pursue the suspects of a petrol oil tanker that had exploded. Sanborn argues that the work should be left to the three platoons in the area. James however wins him over (Ressner, 2008). Again, an external conflict is encountered while driving back to their camp, the three soldiers, Eldridge, Sanborn and James come into conflict with five mercenaries who engage them in battle but they manage to kill after a long struggle. In another scene, the James teams set out to plant an explosion in a desert and they leave. James returns to the site, where the explosive s are already rigged to detonate, to pick up his gloves, which he had forgotten. Sanborn loudly ponders about killing James by deliberately making the explosion explode on him. Eldridge is does not concur with him and is hence unhappy. The theme most featured in the video is that of soldiers dying for their country in patriotism. This is cleared portrayed in the sacrifices made by leaving their families to fight for their countries. At the end of the movie features James with his little son, he recalls the war and contemplates going back to the battlefield. Later he goes back to the battlefield portraying his addiction to war. Other subthemes include violence and war seen in the encounters of the soldiers dismantling bombs and fighting enemies who attack. The filming of the movie in Iraq explains this theme clearly since it is known as a war country (Nott, 2009). The director of the movie integrates principally very shaky and obscure scenes in the movie to portray the uncertainty that hits the soldiers in addition to the danger they face. Iraqis are seen peeping through cracks of buildings, fences and on balconies; this isolates the American soldiers (James, Sanborn, and Eldridge) as being in a suspicious territory. This indirectly portrays these people watching from afar, as people who could set up an explosion on the US soldiers. The stereotype surrounding the towel headed terrorist is personified within the hurt locker. It is implied in the sniper scene at the UN building and depicted by the group of men and women pushing the cart after learning of the body bomb. This denotes the Iraqi as untrustworthy (Tobias, 2009). The American soldiers tend to sympathize with a 12 year old boy, Beckham who displays a flawed character resembling an American teenager. Despite his character, James sympathizes with him and attempts to befriend him. Beckam symbolizes the American culture. Later on Beckams body is found with a bomb implanted in his chest. This makes James go in pursuit of the assailants who did the deadly act. The scenes of a body bomb discovered put the Iraqi citizens in bad light through stereotypes (Olsen, 2008). This symbolizes the American foreign policy. As James dislodges the bomb in the boys chest this symbolizes Americas efforts to liberate and bring democracy in Iraq, the body bomb being a product of the Iraqis. This also serves the purpose of cleansing the view of American soldiers universally as connecting with the locals to help them. This is depicted clearly by James mistaken identity of the body bomb. The setting greatly influences the featured characters. Arid desert scenes and streets with small tunnel like alleyways with debris allover signify the battlefield. Chaos and disorganization is portrayed by explosions at every instance. The only orderly and peaceful place is the US camp victory .These two conflicting images reflect the US foreign policy of bringing forth order and liberation to the Iraq citizen. Dialogue in the movie depicts stereotypes of various kinds. The US soldiers are seen in engaging in slang talk throughout the radio communications. This portrays the superiority complex of the US soldiers with regard to the foreign policy. This is also a depiction of how the US soldiers carry themselves in the battlefield (Ressner, 2008). Bigelow, constructs the movie without favoring any side, this puts him in a state of political balance rather than politically driven level. This he does by balancing the preconception of the audience about Iraq and loose truth about the same. The use of camera angles and dialogue instigates suspense and represent the stress intensity by highlighting the suspicions and insecurity of the setting. The scene before the colonel Cambridges death where he speaks in a demining tone attempting to dismiss the group of Iraq citizens who leave an explosive device close to him. This scene degrades the intelligence of the Iraqi citizens and instigates in the viewers a terrorist image due to the bombing that results. The figure colonel Cambridges reflects the inability of the US forces to adequately understand the people of Iraq. Cambridge is the most intelligent man within the soldiers and the only US casualty expressing the notion that intelligence does not equal to superiority in a dangerous en vironment (Nott, 2009). Inhumanity of the war is depicted when Reed, a colonel congratulates James for his brevity. This shows the Americas brutality when he further claims that James will not make it after which follows gunshots. This clearly portrays a balance in the political sides of Iraq and America as this shows the brutality of the American side. The presence of British mercenary dressed in hajji clothing depicts the inability of the Americans to know the difference. This shows the Americans as being human in a variety of ways (Tobias, 2009). Irony is clearly displayed by the title of the movie whereby the war is depicted as a drug. This is an ironical of the normal situation where human beings like peaceful engagement with each other. At the end of the movie, James is seen as an addict of war. He misses life in war and finally goes back to war, depicting an irony (Olsen, 2008). In sum, the hurt locker depicts the title war is a drug. This is shown in its main character, James whose addiction to war leads him to going back to war each time. This title is ironical since in normal situations, a human being may never crave for war. Various conflicts are displayed especially concerning James spontaneous behavior. At some instance, Sanborn reflects accidentally killing James. The colleagues also fall into conflict with a group of Arab mercenaries but they emerge victorious after numerous confrontation. The movie is symbolic in most instances, first the setting of the movie is in a desert with scenes depicting disorganization and chaos with a touch of Iraq. The only orderly and organized place is the victory camp of the US reflecting the efforts of the united states of liberating Iraq. Their friendliness to the 12-year-old boy shows the effort of the Americans at interacting with the Iraq to solve their indifference. American soldiers are depicted as having a supe riority complex in their dialogue with each other and in their belittling of the hajji soldiers. There is however a balance of political sides where the director portrays the Americans brutality in addition to showing the ruthlessness of the Iraq people. This way he wins in his depiction of lack of favoritism. In totality this movie portrays the title war is a drug.

The Health Care Crisis :: American Health Insurance Essays

It is hard to imagine life without health insurance. If you have any type of medical problem that requires attention, and you have appropriate health care insurance, you can be cared for in the finest of private hospitals. You can get great treatment and your ailments, depending on the severity, can be treated as soon as possible. Doctors, physicians and surgeons are willing to put out a big effort if they know that they are dealing with patients who are insured and have the money to go under extensive medical treatment. But imagine life without such luxuries. For example, what happens if a relative requires much needed surgery, but does not have health insurance to cover the procedure? What happens if a lack of medical insurance prevents you or your family from seeing a doctor, which could result in health problems that had not been identified but could have been treated before they became life threatening? These scenarios may seem far-fetched, but these types of s ituations happen to people who lack health coverage everyday. There is a true story about a patient who was insured and diagnosed with treatable cervical cancer. Unfortunately, she lost her job and with it her insurance. She was then unable to see her private doctor, and was turned away from other hospitals because ?cancer treatment is not considered an emergency in a patient who can?t pay? (?Help for D.C.?s Uninsured?). The woman later died at her home without ever being treated. This example raises the question, since when are people with less money less deserving of health care or appropriate treatment? The District of Columbia fares terribly when it comes to health care. Avram Goldstein is a journalist from the Washington Post who has written numerous articles on the health care situation in D.C. Goldstein has worked for the Post for nine years but has been covering health care for numerous years as an investigative reporter and as an editor in many newspapers. As an expert on the issue of health care, he states in one of his articles, ?If you live in the District without health insurance or a regular doctor and you get sick, city officials and health administrations have an important message for you.

The Other in the Tempest

In order to understand the characters in a play, we have to be able to distinguish what exactly makes them different. In the case of The Tempest, Caliban, the sub-human slave is governed largely by his senses, making him the animal that he is portrayed to be and Prospero is governed by sound mind, making him human. Caliban responds to nature as his instinct is to follow it. Prospero, on the other hand, follows the art of justifiable rule. Even though it is easy to start assessing The Tempest in view of a colonialist gaze, I have chosen instead to concentrate on viewing Caliban as the monster he is portrayed to be, due to other characters that are not human, but are treated in a more humane fashion than Caliban. Before we meet Caliban, we meet Ariel, Prospero s trusting spirit. Even though Ariel is not human either, he is treated kindly and lovingly by his master who calls him my quaint Ariel. Caliban, on the other hand, is called a tortoise and a poisonous slave by Prospero. As Caliban enters in Act 1 Scene 2, we realise his fury at both Prospero and Miranda. He is rude and insulting and Prospero replies with threats of torture. Prospero justifies his punishment of Caliban by his anger at the attempted rape of his daughter, something Caliban shows no remorse for. Miranda distinguishes herself from Caliban by calling him a thing most brutish and inadvertently, a thing that has only bad natures. She calls his speech gabble, but doesn t stop to wonder whether it was she that didn t understand him because she didn t know how to speak his language. Surely Caliban communicated verbally with his mother for the twelve years before Prospero killed her? It seems that Prospero and Miranda expect Caliban to be grateful for the knowledge of their language, but Caliban has just learned how to curse and justifies his anger by claiming rights to the island. Even though they obviously detest each other, Prospero needs him, as he tells Miranda: We cannot miss him: he does make our fire/Fetch in our wood, and serves in offices/That profit us, Caliban stays on because he is afraid of Prospero s art of such power, making Prospero the feared conqueror ad dictator. Prospero is the right duke of Milan and Caliban is the savage and deformed slave. They represent two different extremes on the social spectrum: that of the natural ruler, and the naturally ruled. Their positions on the social hierarchy are largely due to the fact that Caliban responds almost wholly to passions, feelings of pleasure i. e. his senses, while Prospero is ruled more by his intellect and self-discipline i. e. his mind. Although we are not given details of Caliban s birth, it seems likely that a creature as subhuman in appearance as Caliban was not born of a human union. It has been postulated that, to quote Prospero, he was got by the devil himself upon thy wicked dam, from a union between Sycorax and an incubus (an extremely attractive male apparition with intention to tempt). Caliban was therefore a creature born from passion, the offspring of an unholy pleasure. Prospero was not only of noble birth; he was also born to be ruler of the city-state of Milan. Nobility, in Elizabethan times, carried with it heavy implications: it was expected that Prospero would be intellectually superior, and that he would exercise as great discipline over himself as he was expected to exercise over others, in his role of leadership. From their ancestry, Prospero is more ruled by his intellect, and Caliban by his love of pleasure. Caliban s original love for Prospero and Miranda, and his later misdemeanour and subsequent hatred for them, illustrate his fundamental reliance on his senses. Caliban loved Prospero and Miranda because they made much of me; and his response to this was purely sensual in his recollections: Thou strok st me, wouldst give me/Water with berries in t. What Caliban responded to, more than anything else, was the sensation of pleasure that being loved and petted gave him. The action that caused Caliban to be removed from this position and punished was his attempt to rape Miranda, another example of how he seeks pleasure. Prospero s position on sexual relations is quite opposite he tells Ferdinand repeatedly not to take advantage of his daughter, for the obvious reason that rape and taking advantage of someone sexually is considered wrong. This is something Caliban doesn t seem to understand and further distances himself from the human figures. During The Tempest itself, Prospero and Caliban have two very different purposes. Prospero intends to resolve the injury that was done to Miranda and himself, bloodlessly, by the use of his Art. Caliban s dearest wish is to depose Prospero by killing him and, rather than resuming rule of the island himself, submit to the rule of Stephano. Caliban s purpose for attaching himself to Stephano and plotting to kill Prospero is almost wholly passionate. The reason that Caliban believes Stephano to be a worthy ruler, indeed, a god, is that Stephano is the custodian of liquor, a substance that appeals to his senses. His favourable response to Stephano is like his previous response to Prospero- that someone who makes him feel good must be good. Likewise, his attempt at achieving revenge on Prospero is largely in retribution for the punishment Prospero has visited upon his senses. However, though Caliban s desire for revenge is certainly not cerebral, his passions in it are not entirely sensual either. The crafty manner in which he persuades Stephano to aid him in his plan, by mentioning Prospero s riches and Miranda s beauty, shows the presence of some mental ability; as does his attempted tact in trying to keep Stephano s mind upon bloody thoughts. Furthermore, one of his grievances against Prospero is that he stole the island that was, by birthright, Caliban s and imprisoned Caliban upon it. In spite of this, Caliban s mind is subject to his senses, much as Prospero s passions are subject to his mind. Caliban s underlying motives are still passionate. His indignation at having his inheritance usurped loses its weight when we realise that, of his own free will, he will let Stephano rule- showing himself to be naturally ruled, not ruler. At the end of the play, when he recognises that his choice of Stephano as ruler was foolish, it is not mental reasoning that has led him to this conclusion, but the evidence of his senses and experience. Caliban had mid enough to function as part of society, but training him to become part of that society cannot be abstract, like Prospero s failed attempt at educating him with Miranda Caliban s education must be practical and hammered home with his own senses. If the senses represent something natural and the mind represents an art like knowledge or in Prospero s case, magic, then we can say that Caliban represents Nature and Prospero Art. While the need for control over nature is asserted continually, the ending suggests that art must ultimately come to terms with nature (hence Prospero s this thing of darkness I/Acknowledge mine ); for while Caliban s limitations are apparent, his wish to improve himself is promising, and his new relationship with Prospero seems to be more stable and more reassuring than the resentment-filled and extremely uneasy jailer-prisoner/master-slave relationship shown earlier.

College and Success in Life

College and Success in Life It is very difficult to answer the claim that a person needs a university education to be successful in life because success in life means different things to different people. This essay starts by defining three different ideas of success. Following this, it looks at which types of success are dependent on a university education. Success in life can be achieved in different ways. Many magazines and television programmes tell us that success means having a lot of money, having a fulfilling career, and being powerful.In contrast, most religious and spiritual organizations claim that success means finding spiritual happiness and being at peace with God and with yourself. Another idea of success focuses on relationships – being surrounded by people who love you and care about you, spending time with family and friends. A university education can help you achieve some types of success, but it makes little or no difference to whether or not you are succe ssful in other areas of life. Undoubtedly, a university education is essential if you want to have a career in a profession such as law, engineering, teaching, or medicine.However, you do not need a university degree to become a wealthy and powerful movie star, sports star or businessperson. In fact, a university education does not generally enable you to achieve spiritual happiness, or to have successful relationships with family and friends. sIn conclusion, there are many different types of success. A university education may help you to achieve professional success in some careers. However, it will not help you to achieve success in other areas of your life such as your spiritual life or your relationships.